疏水性石墨烯气凝胶的制备及其吸附性能研究

刘 清旺, 杨 子安, 胡忠 良*
湖南工业大学，材料科学与工程学院

摘要


石墨烯气凝胶以其丰富的多孔结构和超强的吸附能力是处理有机物污染物最有前途的材料之一，然而其脆弱的机械性能和不佳的疏水性能是阻止其商业化应用的主要障碍。本文以氧化石墨烯为前驱体，抗坏血酸为还原剂，在温和反应条件下，引入木质素磺酸钠和十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷改性，成功制备出高疏水性石墨烯复合气凝胶。木质素磺酸钠的引入有效抑制了石墨烯片层的堆叠，石墨烯片层间相互支撑、交联构成了具有三维连通的片层网络结构，形成了开放多孔结构；而十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷的改性则增加了气凝胶石墨片层的粗糙度，降低了表面能，使其具有优异的疏水性并提高了其热稳定性，其与水的接触角高达149.68°，而与油类则呈完全浸润（接触角0°）。该复合气凝胶具有优异的吸附性能和循环再生性能，对几种有机物的吸附容量达到了58.3-123.6 g/g，在经历10次吸附/脱附循环后，仍能保持初始吸附容量90%以上。此外，该气凝胶对乳化油具有优秀的选择吸附性。基于其优异性能，该气凝胶在有机溶剂回收以及水体污染治理等领域展现出广泛的应用前景。

关键词


改性气凝胶；疏水性；吸附；氧化石墨烯；木质素磺酸钠

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参考


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12361/2661-3506-08-01-153805

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