适应波动性电解水催化材料的研究进展

陈 永林, 唐 春
西南石油大学新能源与材料学院

摘要


在“碳达峰　碳中和”目标背景下，可再生能源电解水制氢技术成为实现能源绿色可持续发展的关键。然而，由于可再生能源（风能、太阳能等）发电具有波动性和间歇性，会导致电解槽中催化剂在制氢过程中发生溶解和聚集，影响电解槽的效率和寿命。因此，提高电解水制氢催化剂在波动性电源条件下的稳定性至关重要。本综述探讨了波动性电源对电解水制氢催化材料的影响机制，介绍了在波动性电源下催化剂的评价方法，梳理了近几年抗波动性催化材料的构建策略，如结构设计、界面调控和掺杂等。合理的结构设计能调节催化剂的电子结构和表面性质，增强其在波动性电力下的稳定性；界面调控可以优化催化剂的电子环境，提高其在不稳定电源条件下的活性；掺杂技术则通过引入元素改变催化剂的电子密度，提升其抗波动性能。通过优化催化剂设计，可以增强电解槽对波动性电源的抵抗能力，提升可再生能源的利用效率。这不仅有助于降低电解水制氢的成本，也推动了该技术在大规模应用中的发展。随着催化材料的不断优化，抗波动性电解水制氢技术将成为支持低碳经济和绿色能源转型的重要方式。

关键词


可再生能源；制氢电解槽；波动性测试方法；材料改性

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参考


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12361/2661-3654-07-03-144190

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