数字孪生城市：应对城市复杂巨系统挑战的必然路径

赵 钦羿, 李少 青*, 李 梦蝶, 刘 静怡
深圳市智慧城市科技发展集团有限公司

摘要


现代城市不是建筑、道路和管网的简单叠加，而是由物理空间、社会活动、基础设施网络、数据流和制度
安排共同构成的开放复杂巨系统。随着城市化持续推进，城市治理同时面临三维空间认知不足、跨部门数据割裂、
运行状态快速变化、突发风险难以推演以及多主体行为难以协调等问题。本文在核查并修正文献依据的基础上，分
析传统治理的局限，认为数字孪生城市并非单纯三维可视化平台，而是以统一时空底座、实时感知、仿真推演和协
同决策为核心的城市治理基础设施。其关键任务在于解决“全面认知难”“高效计算难”和“统合实训难”：前者要
求对城市实体、事件和关系进行可信数字化；中者要求对大规模三维场景和动态过程进行低时延、高保真的计算；
后者要求构建与真实城市环境耦合的多主体仿真和策略评估机制。数字孪生城市只有在数据治理、模型可信、算力
支撑和制度协同同步推进的条件下，才能真正服务于城市治理现代化。

关键词


数字孪生城市；复杂巨系统；城市治理；三维时空底座；多智能体仿真

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