典型环境污染物的斑马鱼神经毒性评价及风险管控研究进展

李 曼婷, 刘 艳华, 陈 建秋, 廖千 家骅, 商 景阁, 柯 健, 郭 瑞昕
中国药科大学工学院

摘要


环境污染物诱导的神经毒性是新污染物风险评价的重要问题。饮用水消毒副产物、微/纳塑料、抗生素及持久性有机污染物可通过水体和食物链进入生态系统，对水生生物及人类健康构成潜在风险。斑马鱼具有发育迅速、胚胎透明、神经发育机制保守和行为表型丰富等优势，已广泛用于环境神经毒性评价。本文综述了典型环境污染物在斑马鱼模型中的神经毒性效应及作用机制。研究表明，污染物可通过诱导线粒体损伤、Ca²⁺稳态紊乱、神经递质失衡等，导致运动异常及神经发育损伤。未来应重点关注真实环境浓度下长期暴露、复合污染、跨代效应和多组学机制解析，并为环境污染物风险管控提供参考。

关键词


环境污染物；斑马鱼；神经毒性；氧化应激；风险管控

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参考


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