特发性黄斑裂孔术后预后相关因素分析
摘要
为IMH患者的临床诊疗提供个性化方案。方法：回顾性研究2020年1月至2024年1月于广西医科大学第一附属医院
眼科确诊的特发性黄斑裂孔且行玻离体切割联合内界膜填塞术的患者46例48只眼，术后48眼黄斑裂孔均以闭合。收
集特发性黄斑裂孔患者术前、术后1月、术后3月的最佳矫正视力（Best corrected visual acuity，BCVA）和眼压，通
过光学相干断层扫描（Optical coherence tomography，OCT）分别在术前、术后1月、术后3月测量IMH最小直径
（MLD）、IMH基底直径（BD）、IMH高度（H）、IMH牵拉指数（THI）、IMH直径指数（DHI）、IMH裂孔指数（MHI）、
黄斑区视网膜厚度、椭圆体带缺失直径、愈合形态等数据。使用SPSS 26.0软件分析各个参数与术后3月的最佳矫正
视力的相关性。结果：年龄、术前MHI、THI与术后3月BCVA（LogMAR）呈负相关（R=-0.405，P=0.004；R=-
0.303，P=0.034；R=-0.375，P=0.008）；术后第3个月椭圆体带缺损直径、黄斑裂孔最小直径、黄斑裂孔闭合形态与
术后3月BCVA（LogMAR）成正相关（R=0.522，P=＜0.001；R=0.317，P=0.026；R=0.365，P=0.010）。其余指标
与术后3月BCVA（LogMAR）无相关性。结论：术后3月椭圆体带缺损直径、术后3月裂孔闭合形态、术前MHI、
THI、MLD、年龄与术后3月BCVA（LogMAR）具有相关性。可以综合测量术前与术后IMH的OCT参数以及患者
的临床资料预测手术疗效，对判断视力功能改善情况有利。
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