CAR-T疗法在复发难治骨髓瘤的新突破

任 鹏慧, 马晓 静*
青海大学附属医院血液科（临床医学院）

摘要


嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法（chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy，CAR-T），是近些年来发展十分
迅速的细胞治疗技术。其原理是将患者自体或同种异体的Ｔ细胞用基因工程的方法对其进行改造修饰，使其表达特
定的嵌合抗原受体，能够识别肿瘤特异性抗原[1]。CAR-T细胞经体外扩增后，回输到患者体内，通过激活人体自身
的免疫系统来杀伤肿瘤细胞。CAR-T疗法作为一种新兴的治疗手段，已经成为近年来转化医学研究的热点，在白
血病、淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma，MM）等血液瘤疾病中取得了令人瞩目的强大疗效。经改造后的
CAR-T细胞可特异性识别肿瘤细胞表面的靶抗原，能够不依赖MHC分子的抗原提呈机制来直接对肿瘤细胞进行杀
伤。相比于以往的传统药物治疗，CAR-T细胞表现出对肿瘤细胞更强的靶向性和杀伤作用，近年来也被用于治疗复
发难治性多发性骨髓瘤（Relapsed refractory multiple myeloma，RRMM），已有许多研究机构报道了其在临床试验中
取得的成果，该方法提高了MM患者的治疗效果并延长生存时间。本文从多靶点CAR-T治疗的临床研究、CAR-T
细胞与小分子或单克隆抗体的联合应用和总结与展望等方面进行综述。

关键词


嵌合抗原受体T细胞；复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤；细胞免疫治疗

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参考


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