外泌体来源的非编码RNA在胃癌中的研究现状

卢 慧
青海大学研究生院

摘要


胃癌作为全球范围内最为常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其高发病率与高死亡率的特点尤为显著。外泌体是一类细
胞外囊泡，内含蛋白质、脂质以及复杂的RNA分子。外泌体穿梭于许多生物活性分子中，非编码RNA是数量最多
的。包括微小RNA、长链非编码RNA和环状RNA在内的非编码RNA被选择性地分选并包装到外泌体中，并转移
到受体细胞中以调节其功能。研究指出，外泌体非编码RNA在多种癌症，包括胃癌的发生、发展过程中扮演着关
键角色，其参与过程包括血管新生、肿瘤转移、上皮-间质转化、免疫逃逸以及化疗耐药性等。外泌体非编码RNA
也可以在血液和尿液中检测到，使其成为胃癌诊断和预后的有效生物标志物。本文总结了目前外泌体来源的非编码
RNA在胃癌发生和进展中的调控作用的研究，以及它们在胃癌诊断和治疗方面的潜在临床价值。

关键词


胃癌；外泌体；非编码RNA

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参考


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