全身免疫炎症指数对血糖波动及认知功能影响的研究综述

赵 隆艳1, 刘军 莉*2
1、青海大学
2、青海大学附属医院

摘要


糖尿病与认知功能障碍的全球流行对公共卫生构成严峻挑战。全身免疫炎症指数（Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index，SII）通过整合中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞及血小板计数，成为评估系统性炎症与代谢性疾病关联的新型生物标志物。本综述系统探讨了SII与血糖波动（Glycemic Variability，GV）及认知功能减退中的作用机制与临床意义。研究表明，SII升高与胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激及炎症通路激活密切相关，GV通过线粒体活性氧（ROS）和NF-κB通路进一步上调SII，加剧β细胞凋亡及神经炎症反应。SII水平升高可破坏血脑屏障完整性，抑制神经营养因子表达，并诱发海马神经元线粒体功能障碍，导致认知功能减退。临床数据显示，SII与认知评估评分（如MoCA）呈负相关，且与神经影像学异常（海马萎缩、白质病变）显著关联。干预性研究发现，降低GV可有效下调SII水平，提示其作为治疗靶点的潜力。本综述强调SII在糖尿病及其认知并发症中的核心调控作用，为早期诊断、风险分层及靶向干预提供了理论依据。

关键词


全身免疫炎症指数；血糖波动；早期诊断；认知功能障碍

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参考


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