血脂水平与乳腺癌关联的研究动态与前沿视角

马 俊楠1, 赵 易*2
1、青海大学附属医院临床医学院
2、青海大学附属医院

摘要


乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其发病机制复杂，涉及遗传、代谢及环境因素的相互作用。近年来，血脂代谢异常与乳腺癌风险及预后的关联成为研究热点。流行病学研究表明，高胆固醇血症、肥胖及高脂血症可显著增加乳腺癌发生风险，而运动干预可能通过调节血脂水平及改善肿瘤微环境发挥保护作用。现有研究表明，血脂代谢异常与乳腺癌发病风险存在显著关联。多项研究证实，高体重指数（BMI）、高甘油三酯（TG）水平以及升高的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）与乳腺癌风险呈正相关，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）可能发挥保护作用。另外，目前的研究尚未发现脂蛋白（LP）与乳腺癌发病存在明确关联。在特定血脂成分中，载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）与乳腺癌风险呈负相关，而载脂蛋白B（ApoB）可能促进乳腺癌发生发展，但相关证据仍需更多研究加以验证。关于LDL-C与乳腺癌的关系，现有研究结果尚不一致，部分研究未能证实两者之间存在显著关联。在临床干预方面，他汀类药物的使用显示出通过调节胆固醇水平改善乳腺癌预后的潜在价值，这为乳腺癌的防治策略提供了新的研究方向。这些发现提示，血脂水平的精准调控可能在乳腺癌预防和治疗中具有重要意义。
　　目前，血脂影响乳腺癌的潜在机制涉及炎症反应、氧化应激、雌激素代谢及脂质信号通路激活等多个方面，但仍需进一步研究以明确其分子机制。本文综述了血脂水平与乳腺癌关联的最新研究进展，为乳腺癌的早期风险评估、个体化治疗及代谢干预策略提供理论依据。

关键词


乳腺癌；血脂代谢；胆固醇；肥胖；他汀类药物；分子机制

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参考


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