维生素D水平对新生儿感染性疾病研究进展

杨 兰1, 徐睿 霞*1, 宁 方1, 王 珍2, 穆 兰芳2
1、青海大学附属医院
2、青海省妇女儿童医院

摘要


维生素D作为脂溶性类固醇激素前体，不仅参与钙磷代谢稳态调节，更是重要的免疫调节分子，在新生儿免疫系统发育与功能完善过程中扮演关键角色。新生儿期作为免疫系统从宫内被动免疫向自主免疫过渡的特殊阶段，其维生素D水平主要依赖母体转运，而孕期维生素D储备不足、日照暴露受限等因素，使新生儿成为维生素D不足或缺乏的高危人群。近年来，大量基础研究与临床证据揭示，维生素D水平过低不仅会影响新生儿固有免疫细胞（如巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞）的抗菌活性，还可能干扰适应性免疫应答的平衡，进而增加新生儿感染性疾病的发生风险。本文系统梳理维生素D在免疫调节中的生物学机制，深入探讨其与新生儿常见感染性疾病（如败血症、呼吸道感染等）的相关性，并结合最新临床研究进展，全面评估维生素D补充策略在新生儿感染性疾病防治中的应用价值，为临床优化新生儿感染性疾病防控方案提供科学指导。

关键词


维生素D；新生儿；感染性疾病；免疫调节

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参考


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