下颌第三磨牙相关第二磨牙病变的影响因素研究进展

周 锋
华北理工大学

摘要


下颌第三磨牙的阻生及萌出状态与邻近第二磨牙远中邻面龋坏、牙根外吸收和牙周损害相关。本文综述阻
生流行病学、主要邻牙病变、影响因素及临床处理争议。现有研究提示，近中和水平阻生与龋坏及牙根外吸收相关，
但龋坏更需关注萌出暴露和邻面清洁条件，牙根外吸收则应重视阻生深度及根部接触，牙周损害还受整体牙周状况
和邻间隙影响。年龄和性别的关联具有病变及人群差异。由于证据主要来自观察性研究，临床应综合邻牙状态、局
部解剖和手术风险进行个体化评估。未来需通过标准化前瞻性研究及预测模型验证完善风险分层。

关键词


下颌第三磨牙;第二磨牙;龋坏;牙根外吸收;牙槽骨丧失;影响因素

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参考


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