药物基因组学在麻醉药物个体化用药中的应用：研究进展与临床前景

高 梦洁, 白 栓成
内蒙古医科大学包头临床医学院

摘要


随着精准医疗的发展，药物基因组学（pharmacogenomics）在麻醉药物使用中的研究日益深入。个体间对常用麻醉药物如丙泊酚、芬太尼、咪达唑仑等的药效及不良反应存在显著差异，部分可由遗传因素解释。本文综述了与麻醉药物代谢、转运及作用相关的关键基因（如CYP2B6、OPRM1、ABCB1、CYP3A5），分析其基因多态性对药物代谢、临床反应及不良事件的影响。同时，探讨术前基因检测在临床中的应用模式与挑战，并展望人工智能辅助的个体化麻醉给药策略。药物基因组学的推广有望显著提升麻醉的安全性与精准性。

关键词


药物基因组学；麻醉；丙泊酚；芬太尼；个体化用药

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参考


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