慢性炎症、免疫代谢交互在心血管疾病中的研究进展

郭 盈, 张 思敏, 王 艳丽
西安医学院

摘要


心血管疾病是全球致死的首要原因。部分患者接受标准降脂、降压治疗后仍存在残余风险，提示疾病机制较既往认知更为复杂。近年来，慢性炎症被证实为动脉粥样硬化、心力衰竭及代谢综合征等多种心血管疾病的核心病理环节，其本质由免疫系统与代谢系统之间的双向交互作用驱动。免疫细胞的代谢重编程决定其功能状态与表型极化，代谢产物与信号通路亦深刻调控免疫应答。本文系统整合前沿研究，聚焦固有免疫与适应性免疫关键细胞类型，剖析糖酵解、氧化磷酸化、脂肪酸代谢等通路重塑对炎症斑块形成与稳定性的影响，探讨心力衰竭中心肌与全身代谢紊乱的恶性循环，并结合单细胞测序、空间转录组学等新兴技术，展示其在揭示细胞异质性与细胞间通讯网络中的关键作用。最后，展望靶向免疫-代谢轴的新型药物开发、基于多组学的精准医疗策略及临床转化的挑战与前景。

关键词


慢性炎症；免疫；代谢；心血管疾病

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参考


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